NYPD Access Policy for Building Owners and Contractors Oct 2001

z z o o

i WTC CLEAN FUEL RETROFIT PROJECT co

“□ o C o CT o o' "0 CD Background Technical and Operations o Benefits , PHASE I________ ■ ________ _Issues 03

O Ultra-Low-Sulfur Diesel Fuel • EPA requires reduction in • ULSD contains 95% less sulfur than conventional diesel. Transition to USLD effects on o o WLSD) sulfur emissions from 500 • An immediate emission reduction, soot is reduced by 23%, prices and supply at Ground Zero: c ppm to 15 ppm be met none. 3 carbon monoxide emissions by 29%, and total hydrocarbon SSSl ■ssa nationwide by 2(K)6. • emissions fall by 67%. No capital upgrade: no mechanical alterations or vehicle CD 3

modifications. • No major changes to operations, infrastructure or labor force. • Significantly lower overall costs than alternative fuel is solutions. • EPA deadline for sulfur reduction approaches, fuel becomes more widely available to consumers. • Improves and meets community and public clean air goals. PHASEn ' ‘‘5.'. Diesel Oxidation Catalyst • Need to reduce diesel exhaust • Substantially reduce PM, HC, CO, and toxic emissions • Data on engine displacement System at Ground Zero and abutters. • Substantial reduction or elimination of smoke and odor. need for proper sizing of w • Carbon monoxide and • Ease of installation and maintenance. catalysts. hydrocarbon reductions are • Oxidation Catalysts cost $ IK to $3K per unit. • Filter candidates need to be » achieved when exhaust gases • tested for exhaust Installation time < 2 hours. interact with the catalyst and • No adverse effects on equipment performance. temperature. oxidize to convert to carbon » Fuel sulfur tolerant.______________________________ • Space constraints can pose Diesel Particulate Filter dioxide and water (this • Substantially remove all visible smoke from the exhaust. problem, as some mufflers System process is also call are small. • Substantially reduce hydrocarbon emission by as much as regeneration, which is • Machines/vehicles which idle iiSsS 95%. dependent upon exhaust frequently and those is a state IliB • temperature - above 375 C). • Systems also controls smoke With the exception of “normal maintenance”, system is completely automatic. of poor repair are not good candidates. • Filter is not detrimental to the operation of vehicle. Operator by removing particulate of 'Si carbon from exhaust of diesel or mechanic can easily remove used filter and exchanged it engines. with a replacement filter. • Filters can be fitted at a cost of $4K to $ 13K. • Vehicles using particulate filter with ULSD can get about the same emissions results a vehicle powered by natural gas.