NYC 9/11 Public Portal Document
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1. ASBESTOS CONTAMINATION IN BUILDINGS,
MANHATTAN COMPARED TO LIBBY SUPERFUND SITE
In Libby, Montana, interiors of homes and residential soils have been contaminated with asbestos
from an adjacent vermiculite mining operation. Homes have vermiculite insulation in attics, and
vermiculite was used for gardening. In addition, there are numerous waste piles of venniculite in
the area.’ On December 20, 2001, the Governor of Montana designated Libby for fast-track
listing as a Superfund site under the Comprehensive Environmental Response and Liability Act
(CERCLA)."
In Lower Manhattan, interiors of residences and offices were contaminated with asbestos,
fiberglass, fine particulate matter, and possibly significant concentrations of other toxic materials
from the fallout from the implosion of the World Trade Center (WTC).
Tables at the end of this memo provide levels of asbestos in settled dusts and air in two
apartments before cleanup from the Ground Zero Task Force Study,’ and levels of asbestos in
settled dusts in one apartment after cleanup from a study by the New York Environmental Law
and Justice Project.*
Use of “PCM-equh'alent” asbestos data from Manhattan for comparison to Libby
In order to compare asbestos levels found in Manhattan with that from Libby, the data in the
tables is for asbestos fibers longer than 5 pm, width greater than 0.25 pm, and an aspect ration
greater than or equal to 3 to 1. This is called “PCM-equivalent asbestos.” The data from Libby
only includes asbestos levels that are PCM-equivalent. The Ground Zero Task Force Study^ of
WTC contamination provided not only total asbestos levels, but also PCM-equivalent asbestos
levels.
The reason why only fibers longer than 5 pm (PCM-equivalent) are given in the Libby risk
assessment is because many believe that asbestos fibers shorter than this cannot cause cancer,
because they can be eliminated from the body. Not all agree.
Comparison of Libby and Lower Manhattan data
As can be seen from the above tables, the asbestos contamination in Lower Manhattan, up to
seven blocks away from Ground Zero, is comparable or higher than that found in Libby,
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