NYC-WTC_000195068

NYC 9/11 Public Portal Document

ASBESTOS MEDITEXT ® - Medical Management Page 15 of 15

mesothelioma (Pelin-Enlund et al, 1990). Karyotype analysis revealed complex structural and numerical abnormalities. C. Normal human mesothelial cells exposed for 48 hours to crocidolite, amosite, and chrysotile had a significant increase in cells with numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities (Olofsson & Mark, 1989). Human amnion cells and Syrian hamster embryonic fibroblast cells demonstrated similar phenomena (Dopp et al, 1997). D. Crocidolite enhanced aneuploidy but induced few structural aberrations in cultured mouse mesothelial cells (Yegles et al, 1993). E. Elevations in SCEs and chromosome aberrations were seen in cultured lymphocytes of asbestos cement workers (Fatma et al, 1991). SCE's are also reported to be elevated in an area of Turkey with endemic asbestiform mineral deposits (Donmez et al, 1996). F. Previous in vivo exposure to asbestos has been associated with increases in stable chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes, visualized by fluorescent in situ hybridization with whole chromosome probes ("chromosome painting") (Ramsey et al, 1995). G. Amosite, crocidolite, and chrysotile all induced micronuclei in cultured hamster embryo cells (Dopp et al, 1995). H. Chrysotile and zeolite particles given intraperitoneally can induce chromosome aberrations in mice (Dumev et al, 1993). Chrysotile induced chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster cells (Aravinda Babu et al, 1980; Sincock & Seabright, 1975; Oshimura et al, 1984). Chinese chrysotile induced SCEs in human cells (Hong & He, 1985). 1. MITOTIC DELAY - was induced in human fibroblasts with asbestos dust exposure; this did not cause a dose-related increase in the frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (Casey, 1983).

3.22.5 OTHER

A. GENE ACTIVATION is expressed as follows - 1. Asbestos can induce expression of c-fos and c-jun oncogenes in rat pleural mesothelial cells; crocidolite was more active than chrysotile for this effect, as it is for induction of mesothelioma (Heintz et al, 1993). 2. It also induces c-jun mRNA in hamster tracheal epithelial cells, progenitors for bronchogenic carcinoma; this induction can respond to either asbestos or hydrogen peroxide, and confers the ability of cells to grow in soft agar (an endpoint of in vitro malignant transformation) (Timblin et al, 1995). 3. Crocidolite asbestos induced proteins in hamster tracheal epithelial cells which bound to nuclear factor kappa-B, a transcription factor which regulates genes in inflammatory and proliferative processes. Induction of mRNA for some of these NF-kappa-B-dependent genes, including c-myc, was shown by Northern blot analyses (Janssen et al, 1995).

3.23 OTHER

3.23.1 ACUTE EFFECTS

A. FATIGUE 1. Fatigue and weight loss are common in patients with asbestosis (ATSDR, 1990).

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