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NYC 9/11 Public Portal Document

ASBESTOS MEDITEXT ® - Medical Management Page 13 of 15

incidence density ratio for each fiber-year/mL of asbestos exposure, but no relationship was found between development of colorectal cancer and duration of exposure (Albin et al, 1990). A two-fold increase in colon cancer was related to high-level asbestos exposure in one case-control study (Fredriksson et al, 1989). h. A review of published data from 21 cohorts of asbestos-exposed workers found a 0.97 estimate of the summary standardized mortality or morbidity ratio for colorectal cancer and no dose-response relationship between asbestos exposure and colorectal cancer (Weiss, 1990). 2. Reports suggest that ingested asbestos is excreted in the feces and that malignancy could be caused by swallowed asbestos fibers removed from the lung upper respiratory regions by the ciliary mechanism (ATSDR, 1990). H. RENAL CARCINOMA 1. GENITAL CANCER - Excess risk for cancer of male genital organs (Relative Risk = 3.03; 95 percent Confidence Interval = 1.11 to 6.6) was as found in a cohort study of 7,996 men and 584 women employed in the Danish asbestos cement industry where fiber exposure levels were more than 0.5 to 2 fibers/mL (Raffn et al, 1989). 2. RENAL CANCER - Excess mortality from kidney cancer among asbestos-exposed workers was noted in a review of occupational cohort studies of insulators (Standardized Mortality Ratio = 2.22; 90 percent CI = 1.44 to 3.3), asbestos products company workers (SMR = 2.76; 90 percent CI = 1.29 to 5.18), and shipyard workers (SMR 1.98; 90 percent CI = 1.42 to 2.7) (Smith et al, 1989). 3. Case control studies with low prevalence of heavy asbestos occupational exposure are unable to provide evidence for or against a possible association between asbestos exposure and kidney cancer (Smith, 1990). 4. An association between asbestos exposure and renal cell cancer was seen in an international case-control study of 1732 cases (Mandel et al, 1995). 5. An association between asbestos exposure and bladder cancer was reported in one case­ control study (Bravo et al, 1988). I. OVARIAN CARCINOMA 1. Heller et al (1999) reported that there appears to be evidence that exposure to asbestos increases the risk of developing ovarian cancer. J. LYMPHOMA-LIKE DISORDER 1. Increased risk for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has been associated with asbestos exposure (Ross et al, 1982), but this finding was not replicated in a subsequent report (Olsson & Brandt, 1983). K. LEUKEMIA LYMPHOCYTIC 1. B-CELL CANCERS - A modest dose-related increase in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but not multiple myeloma, was seen in one case-control study (Schwartz et al, 1988). Another study confirmed a lack of association between asbestos exposure and multiple myeloma (Boffetta et al, 1989).

3.21.5 ANIMAL STUDIES

A. PULMONARY CARCINOMA 1. Pulverized asbestos pipe covering dust induced pulmonary carcinomas in rats exposed to 85 mg/m(3) for 6 hours/day, 5 days per week for 7 months, followed by a lifetime period of observation (Leong et al, 1978). B. MESOTHELIOMA 1. A single injection of each of the following kinds of fibers was sufficient to induce

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