NYC 9/11 Public Portal Document
ASBESTOS and OTHER FIBERS by PCM: METHOD 7400, Issue 2, dated 15 August 1994 - Page 4 of 15
to the action level (one-half the current standard), L (fibers/cc). of the fibrous aerosol being
sampled by:
t = —, min.
Q • L • 10®
NOTE 1: The purpose of adjusting sampling times is to obtain optimum fiber loading on the
filter. The collection efficiency does not appear to be a function of flow rate in the
range of 0.5 to 16 L/min for asbestos fibers [7]. Relatively large diameter fibers (>3
pm) may exhibit significant aspiration loss and inlet deposition. A sampling rate of 1
to 4 L/min for 8 h is appropriate in atmospheres containing ca. 0.1 fiber/cc in the
absence of significant amounts of non-asbestos dust. Dusty atmospheres require
smaller sample volumes ( ^00 L) to obtain countable samples. In such cases take
short, consecutive samples and average the results over the total collection time.
For documenting episodic exposures, use high flow rates (7 to 16 L/min) over
shorter sampling times. In relatively clean atmospheres, where targeted fiber
concentrations are much less than 0.1 fiber/cc, use larger sample volumes (3000 to
10000 L) to achieve quantifiable loadings. Take care, however, not to overload the
filter with background dust. If > 50% of the filter surface is covered with particles,
the filter may be too overloaded to count and will bias the measured fiber
concentration.
NOTE 2: OSHA regulations specify a minimum sampling volume of 48 L for an excursion
measurement, and a maximum sampling rate of 2.5 L/min [3].
5. At the end of sampling, replace top cover and end plugs.
6. Ship samples with conductive cowl attached in a rigid container with packing material to prevent
jostling or damage.
NOTE: Do not use untreated polystyrene foam in shipping container because electrostatic
forces may cause fiber loss from sample filter.
SAMPLE PREPARATION:
NOTE 1: The object is to produce samples with a smooth (non-grainy) background in a
medium with refractive index <1.46. This method collapses the filter for easier
focusing and produces permanent (1-10 years) mounts which are useful for quality
control and interlaboratory comparison. The aluminum "hot block” or similar flash
vaporization techniques may be used outside the laboratory [2]. Other mounting
techniques meeting the above criteria may also be used (e.g., the laboratory fume
hood procedure for generating acetone vapor as described in Method 7400 -
revision of 5/15/85, or the non-permanent field mounting technique used in P&CAM
239 [3,7,8,9]). Unless the effective filtration area is known, determine the area and
record the information referenced against the sample ID number [1,9,10,11].
NOTE 2: Excessive water in the acetone may slow the clearing of the filter, causing material
to be washed off the surface of the filter. Also, filters that have been exposed to
high humidities prior to clearing may have a grainy background.
7. Ensure that the glass slides and cover slips are free of dust and fibers.
8. Adjust the rheostat to heat the "hot block" to ca. 70 “C [2].
NOTE: If the "hot block" is not used in a fume hood, it must rest on a ceramic plate and be
isolated from any surface susceptible to heat damage.
9. Mount a wedge cut from the sample filter on a clean glass slide.
a. Cut wedges of ca. 25% of the filter area with a curved-blade surgical steel knife using a
rocking motion to prevent tearing. Place wedge, dust side up, on slide.
NOTE: Static electricity will usually keep the wedge on the slide.
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition, 8/15/94
NYC-WTC_000149408
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