VOC sampling locations table for Ground Zero area, Jan 2002

NYC 9/11 Public Portal Document

WTCX-31.6 or WTCX-100 groups (Figure 9), suggesting was significantly higher due to body heat from the mice in that the lesion in the one WTCX-10 mouse was not a confined environment. At the end of the exposure, two treatment-related. Free bronchiolar pigment (presumably control mice (#131 and #146) and one WTC3-exposed corresponding to PM) was identified in all ROFA-100 mouse (#203) were found dead in the exposure tubes, mice at an average severity of 1.5 (Table 10), and in 6 of apparently from attempting to turn around in the exposure 8 mice in the ROFA-10 group at an average severity of tubes and suffocating. The incidence of this problem was 0.8. One mouse in the WTCX-31.6 group (but none in the not unusual considering the large number of mice exposed WTCX-100 group) had minimal free bronchiolar pigment; simultaneously (AD Ledbetter, personal communication). again suggesting that this finding is not treatment­ The two spare mice (designated #146a and #203a) were dependent. However, it may be more difficult to see the used to replace the dead ones, and were killed on day 6 WTC PM which is lighter in color than the ROFA or MSH (December 3, 2001). An additional control mouse PM. Focal bronchiolar macrophage pigment was found in (designated #13 la) was exposed to air for 5 hours on 2 of 8 mice in the MSH-100 group at an average severity November 30, 2001 to replace the second dead control of 0.3. These findings indicate that both ROFA-100 and mouse, and was killed on day 3 (December 3, 2001). MSH-100, but not the pooled WTCX-100 or any lower Therefore all groups of mice had the full number of 8 per dose, caused focal subacute bronchiolar inflammation. group per time point. 6. Summary. Results from investigation of the dose­ response relationships of pooled WTCX PM showed that the two lower doses of WTCX (10 pg and 31.6 pg) did not Table 11. Experiment B: Body Weights of Mice in Nose-Only have any significant effects on inflammatory parameters, Inhalation Exposure Study “ lung histopathologic findings, or respiratory responses. Body Weight (g) The 100 pg dose of WTCX caused a slight but significant 0 0.25 increase in BAL neutrophils (7% of total cells) as Day: -1 (Pre-) (Post-) 1 3 6 determined by BAL parameters, and no inflammation as Group determined by histopathologic examination, while the Air 23.91 23.81 21.83 23.00 24.04 24.78 toxic PM control, ROFA, caused minimal inflammation by 0.16 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.23 0.35 histopathologic examination, significant increases in BAL WTC3 23.93 23.47 21.82 23.05 23.89 24.66 neutrophils and other cell types, and significant increases 0.15 0.18 0.16 0.18 0.15 0.34 in biochemical indicators of lung injury. Despite the lack ’ Values shown are means (in bold) and SEM immediately below of effect of WTCX on lung injury and the relatively low means (n=48 days -1 through 1, n=32 day 3, n = 16 day 6). Body level of neutrophilic inflammation, mice in the WTCX- weight was measured in the morning except on day 0.25 100 group were significantly more responsive to Meh (immediately after nose-only exposure). There was no significant difference between the two groups. aerosol challenge than all other groups. A lack of correlation between lung inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness is not uncommon (e.g. Alvarez et al., 2000; Smith and McFadden Jr., 1995). The significant 26-1 degree of airway hyperresponsiveness induced by WTC Nose-only exposure 60 25- PM2.5 implies that components of the dust can promote mechanisms of airway obstruction. 23- C. Experiment B: Effects of Nose-Only Inhalation ■§’ 22- —•—Air Exposure m -O-WTC3 1. Exposure results. The gravimetric concentration 21- for the WTC3 exposure chamber was 10.64 ±3.10 mg/m’. 20-1----- ,----- r—,----- ,----- ,----- ,----- ,----- ,----- , The mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) was -2 -1 01234567 1.05 pm, and the geometric standard deviation (ag) was Days after Exposure 2.67. Chamber temperature and relative humidity was 74 °F and 11% in the control chamber and 75 °F and 11% in Figure 10. ExperimentB: Body weights in nose-only inhalation the WTC3 chamber. The low humidity was required to exposure experiment. Values shown are means and SEM (numbers of mice shown in Table 11). Nose-only inhalation prevent the PM from sticking to the string in the aerosol exposure caused a significant drop in body weight but there was generation system; the humidity within the exposure tubes no significant difference between groups.

25

NYC-WTC_000149168