EPA press release on WTC cleaning hotline launch, June 2002

NYC 9/11 Public Portal Document

ENDNOTES Introduction

1 Information provided by New York City 6 Even this point was presciently articulated as Economic Development Corporation. early as the 1950s. See Rockefeller's discussion of "a proposal for airport connections” in 2 TenantWise estimate ofjobs displaced in Lower Downtown Lower Manhattan Association Manhattan immediately following September Lower Manhattan Recommended Land Use, 11*^ attacks. Redevelopment Areas, and Traffic Improvements, First R^ort (1958). 3 Infonnation provided by Urbanomics. 7 Alliance for Downtown New York, Association 4 See Downtown Lower Manhattan Association for a Better New York, New York City First R^>ort (1958), Second Report (1963), Tlnrd Partnership, and Real Estate Board of New York, Report (1969); City of New York Lower Key Principles in Rehuilding Lower Manhattan Manhattan Plan (1966,1993); City of New York (2002). Lower Manhattan Future Access Analysis 1980- 1990 (1973); City Planning Commission Lower 8 Alliance for Downtown New York, Manhattan Witetfront (1975); Mayor's Office of Transportation Prioritiesfir Lower Manhattan Lower Manhattan Development Water Street (2003); Wall Street Rising, Retail Neelis Survey Access and Development (1976). The three DLMA (2002) reports presciently identified transportation con­ nections in general, and commuter rail and air­ 9 Hamilton, Rabinovitz & Alschuler, Lower port access in particular, as a key catalyst for Manhattan Transportation Access Economic Benefits growth in a post-industrial Lower Manhattan. Study, 7. Building upon these landmark reports, the City of New York and its agencies developed its Chapter 1 Lower Manhatfyin Plan in 1966 - and again in 1 Data provided by MTA. 1993 - along with other studies in subsequent years that further enumerated key transportation 2 TransCAD regional transportation data base of projects to spur development. These projects Census Tracts provided by MTA. included South Ferry station renovation, the Second Avenue subway. West Street improve­ 3 NYPIRG Straphangers Campaign Annual ments, and expanded ferry sendee. Survey tfiMajor Sulrway Stations (2001). Interviews were conducted with 4,206 riders at 5 See Hamilton Rabinovitz and Alschuler 15 stations between May to August 2001. (HR&A), Lower Manhattan Transportation Access Economics Benefit Study, prepared for the Empire 4 Mayor's Office of Lower Manhattan State Development Corporation, the Economic Development, Water Street Access and Development Corporation and the Downtown Development (New York; City of New York, Alliance (1996); as well as other sources that 1976), xii. provide support with evidence from other metro­ politan areas, including APTA Rail Transit and Property Values (Washington, DC, 2002); Weinstein and Clower The Initial Impacts ofthe DARTLRT System (Dallas, 1999); Sedway Group Regional Impact Study Commissioned hy Bey Area Rapid Transit District (San Francisco, 1999).

84 Lower Manhattan Transportation Strategies

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