NYC-WTC_000195068

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'• ASBESTOS MEDITEXT ® - Medical Management Page 7 of 15

3.20.1 TERATOGENICITY

A. LACK OF EFFECT 1. MICE - Chrysotile asbestos was not teratogenic in mice (Schardein, 1993).

3.20.2 EFFECTS IN PREGNANCY

A. PLACENTAL BARRIER 1. Uncoated chrysotile asbestos fibers were found in lung, liver, and/or placenta digests of 5 stillborn infants, suggesting transplacental transfer of asbestos (Haque et al, 1992).

3.20.5 MALE REPRODUCTIVE HAZARDS

A. LACK OF EFFECT 1. MICE - No effects on sperm were seen in mice given chrysotile asbestos in the drinking water at 20 mg/kg/day (Rita & Reddy, 1986).

3.21 CARCINOGENICITY

3.21.1 lARC CATEGORY

A. Group 1 - The agent is carcinogenic in humans (evidence in humans: sufficient; evidence in animals: sufficient).

3.21.2 SUMMARY/HUMAN STUDIES

A. Asbestos is a human carcinogen. The primary types of asbestos-related cancers are mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum and bronchogenic carcinoma. B. An association between asbestosis and gastrointestinal, renal, or laryngeal malignancies has been suggested by some reports and refuted by others.

3.21.4 HUMAN STUDIES

A. CARCINOMA 1. TYPES - Primary types of asbestos-related malignancies are bronchial carcinoma and mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum (Dunn, 1989; Talcott & Antman, 1988; ATSDR 1995; Crosignani et al 1995). A positive link between asbestos exposure and mesothelioma has been established both epidemiologically and experimentally. 2. Epidemiologic data have conflicting estimates of risk among asbestos workers for developing gastrointestinal cancer and cancers of the larynx, esophagus, pancreas, kidneys, and ovaries (Albin et al, 1990; ATSDR, 1995; Brown et al, 1988; Dark & Pingleton, 1983; Edelman, 1988; Finkelstein, 1989; Frumkin & Berlin, 1988; McLure & Poole, 1990; Mollo et al, 1990; Mossman & Gee, 1989; Neuberger & Kundi, 1990; Fames, 1990; Raffn et al, 1989; Sebastien et al, 1989; Sluis-Cremer & Bezuidenhout, 1988; Smith, 1990; Smith et al, 1989, 1990; Talcott et al, 1989; Weiss, 1990; Demers et al, 1994; Kraus et al, 1995). B. PREDISPOSING FACTORS 1. CONFOUNDING/SYNERGISTIC FACTORS - The cancer-causing ability of asbestos

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