VOC sampling locations table for Ground Zero area, Jan 2002

NYC 9/11 Public Portal Document

pathological changes were assessed. Although the lungs Figure 16. (previous page.) Experiment C: BAL cell numbers recovered from mice exposed to saline vehicle, NIST of all mice in Experiment C were lavaged (they were not 1649a, or WTC PM samples from individual collection sites lavaged in Experiments A or B), the pattern and the and tested 1 or 3 days later (n = 8 per group except Saline morphology of the PM induced findings were relatively sub-experiment C2: n = 4). Cell types shown are consistent in all treated groups. macrophages (Mac), neutrophils (Neut), eosinophils (Eos), Focal subacute bronchiolar inflammation and focal and lymphocytes (Lym). “ NIST significantly greater than all bronchiolar pigmented macrophages (presumably PM) other groups. ” WTC 13 and WTCF significantly greater than were consistently observed in all groups of mice dosed WTC8 and Saline Cl groups. ' WTC8 significantly greater with each of the different PM samples, and both findings than Saline Cl group. '* Lymphocyte numbers significantly are considered to be PM-induced in all groups (Table 21). greater in WTC8, WTCB, WTCF, and NIST groups Some groups also had findings of focal fi-ee bronchiolar compared with Saline Cl group. ' Significantly greater numbers of neutrophils and eosinophils in WTCll group pigment, consistent with the pigment in macrophages. No compared with Saline C2 group. Significantly greater remarkable findings were observed in the lungs of the numbers of neutrophils and eosinophils in WTCE group vs. saline control group (Figure 18A), except for one mouse WTCB and Saline C2 groups. which had a minimal degree of focal subacute bronchiolar inflammation which was not considered to be treatment- related. Table 21 shows the rankings of the treatment- related histopathologic findings in mice 1 or 3 days after 4. BAL proteins and enzymes. As for other exposure. The degree of focal subacute bronchiolar parameters, BAL protein and enzyme data for sub­ inflammation was greatest in the NIST (Figure 18C), experiments Cl and C2 were analyzed separately (Table WTCE, and WTC13 (Figure 18D) groups on Day 1 20, Figure 17). In sub-experiment Cl, significant (average severity scores of 1.9,2.0, and 2.1, respectively). increases in BAL total protein levels were found in the The scores in the WTCC (Figure 18B), WTCB, WTC8, NIST group compared with the WTC8 group (P = 0.05). WTCF, and WTCl 1 groups were lower (average severity No significant differences due to Treatment were found scores of 0.8, 1.1, 1.1, 1.3, and 1.3, respectively). By Day with respect to albumin or LDH levels. There were 3, the focal subacute bronchiolar inflammation was significant interactions between Day and Treatment in greatest in the NIST group (average severity score 2.1; NAG values {P = 0.02), indicating the results depended on Figure 18E), while the scores were reduced in all of the the day animals were killed. WTC PM groups relative to their scores on Day 1 (Figure In sub-experiment C2, there were significant effects of 18F). Day after treatment for total protein and LDH, but there The histopathologic scoring system is semi- were no effects of Treatment group. There were quantitative, and much larger numbers of mice per group significant interactions between Day and Treatment in would be necessary to determine statistically significant NAG values {P = 0.005), indicating the results depended differences among groups. Nevertheless, these results also on the day after treatment. show substantial differences from those found in In both sub-experiment Cl and C2, one of the saline Experiment A with the pooled WTCX sample. group mice killed on Day 1 had very high values for total Oropharyngeal aspiration of 100 pg of WTCX did not protein, albumin, and LDH, which increased the mean cause any treatment-related histopathologic findings. In values and variability in these groups. Although this result contrast, all individual site samples of WTC PM induced may have limited the ability to detect some statistical at least minimal focal subacute bronchiolar inflammation, differences, overall the biochemical values were not and some samples caused slight/mild and even moderate greatly different among the treatment groups, and any degrees of inflammation. In addition, pigment associated additional differences with more consistent control data with PM was visible in macrophages from all WTC PM- would likely have been minimal. Therefore the results for exposed mice, but none was visible in mice exposed to the individual site WTC PM samples are comparable to pooled WTCX in Experiment A. Re-examination of the those found with the pooled WTCX sample in Experiment slides by a different observer will be necessary to confirm A, where no differences from control saline mice were this finding. The findings of pulmonary inflammation in found. WTC PM groups by histopathologic examination are 5. Lung histopathology. Following tests for airway consistent with the results from the quantification of BAL responsiveness to Meh aerosol and lung lavage, lungs were cell numbers. removed and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, and

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