VOC sampling locations table for Ground Zero area, Jan 2002

NYC 9/11 Public Portal Document

II. Materials and Methods

A. WTC PM Sample Collection and Size particles are even inhalable in small laboratory animals Fractionation (Menache et al., 1995), and deposition of particles greater On 9/12/2001 and 9/13/2001, scientists from New than 5 pm is minimal (Raabe et al., 1988). The amount of York University went to the WTC area to collect bulk the 2.5 - 10 p fraction was very small (0.04 -1.14 % of the samples of fallen dust. Using a paper scoop, bulk samples PM53 fraction, except 3.23% in sample 13) and was were taken from various outdoor locations (e.g. car hood, therefore not feasible to study. The PM25 fraction, window ledge, park bench) as well as one indoor location, however, was present in large enough amounts (2.29 -4.06 all of which appeared undisturbed since the collapse of the % of PM53 fraction) to study for potential respiratory towers, as judged by the presence of a smooth uniform health effects, and is toxicologically relevant since it is layer of dust and the absence of indicators of recent human associated with epidemiological findings of health effects activity. Thirteen samples were collected and labeled with in humans (Dockery et al., 1993). [The sum of the size numbers (1 - 13) on 9/12/2001, and six samples were fraction percentages does not total 100% of the original collected and labeled with letters (A - F) on 9/13/2001. PM53 fraction because of loss of sample during Samples were stored in 75 ml or 250 ml polystyrene fractionation steps.] After examination of the available flasks at room temperature. All samples were collected inventory of filters and the locations where the samples before rain fell on 9/14/2001, which certainly altered chemical and physical characteristics ofthe dust. Samples were taken back to NYU for processing to isolate different I* "" 5* size fractions. Bulk samples of dust were sieved with a 53 p mesh 45^ screen (USA Standard Testing Sieves, Fisher Scientific, • Pittsburgh, PA) on a shaker (Portable Sieve Shaker, Tyler Industrial Products, Mentor, OH). The sieved material © ■■

(PM53) was aerosolized through a 10 p cut inlet to remove particles in the 10 - 53 p range and isolate the PM-q ■5k fraction. The PM,o fraction then passed through a 2.5 p cyclone (made in house) to remove the PMj 5.10 (coarse) fiaction and isolate the PM2 5 (fine) fraction. The PM2 5 fraction was collected on Teflon filters (Pall Gelman Sciences, Port Washington, NY - Zefluor Supported PTFE, 2 micron pore size, 47 mm, part # P5PJ047). While fractionating the PM samples, the filters became loaded / ■ and slowed airflow. Consequently, loaded filters were replaced with fresh filters periodically, and about 10-40 filters were used to completely size-fractionate each WTC sample. Analysis of the weights found in the 4 size tt2C01Ms

fractions showed that roughly halfofthe sample was in the Figure 1. WTC dust samples were collected by New York PM53 sieved fraction. Of the PM53 fraction, about 80-89% University (NYU) scientists from 13 sites on 9/12/2001 (numbers) and from 6 sites on 9/13/2001 (letters). Collection was in the 10 - 53 p size range, which is too large to use in sites are shown only for samples used in the WTC2001 study. respiratory toxicology studies since only 45% of 10 p Map provided by MapQuest.com, Inc.

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NYC-WTC_000149146